A Level Chemistry OCR Practice Exam

Which of the following statements is true regarding atomic orbitals?

1. Each can hold three electrons

2. They are confined to a specific region within an atom

3. Your electrons can exist outside of orbitals

4. They are only valid in single-electron atoms

The correct answer is: They are confined to a specific region within an atom

The statement that atomic orbitals are confined to a specific region within an atom is accurate because atomic orbitals are defined as the regions around an atom's nucleus where there is a high probability of finding an electron. Each type of orbital, such as s, p, d, or f, has a distinct shape and energy level, which dictates where electrons are likely to be located relative to the nucleus. Understanding the other options provides context: It's incorrect to state that each orbital can hold three electrons, as most orbitals have a maximum capacity of two electrons with opposite spins. The assertion that electrons can exist outside of orbitals does not align with the quantum mechanical model, which describes electrons as occupying orbitals, rather than existing freely outside them. Additionally, orbitals are not limited to single-electron atoms; they apply to multi-electron atoms as well, allowing for the description of electron distributions in more complex elements.